Fenotipe dan genotipe rumah tradisional Melayu di Kalimantan Barat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30822/arteks.v5i3.575
Kata Kunci:
fenotipe, genotipe, arsitektur tradisional, rumahAbstrak
Pada akhir abad 20, istilah genotipe dan fenotipe diadopsi dalam ilmu arsitektur. Genotipe merupakan model relasional abstrak yang mengatur susunan ruang, dan prinsip pengorganisasian ruang dan fenotipe merupakan realisasi nyata dari genotipe di lingkungan fisik. Genotipe dapat diturunkan dari generasi ke generasi sehingga membentuk identitas didalam masyarakat. perkembangan globalisasi dan lingkungan dapat memberi pengaruh terhadap identitas dari keragaman arsitektur pada setiap wilayah. Kerentanan dalam transformasi bentuk arsitektur dapat berdampak pada identitas yang dapat bertahan ataupun menghilang. Rumah tradisional masyarakat melayu di Kalimantan Barat berbentuk rumah panggung dan terletak di pinggir sungai. Sampel penelitian berupa rumah tradisional melayu di Kalimantan Barat yang berada di 8 wilayah dan jumlah sampel sebanyak 69 rumah. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah strukturalisme Levi Strausse dan analisa konfigurasi ruang. Dilakukan analisa struktur luar yakni variasi fenotipe melalui konfigurasi ruang untuk menemukan pola dasar, kemudian dilanjutkan analisa struktur dalam untuk menemukan genotipe dari pola dasar tersebut. Hasilnya ditemukan nilai dan makna pada prinsip pengaturan ruang pada rumah tradisional melayu di Kalimantan Barat, berupa pembagian zona laki-laki dan perempuan serta zona bersih dan kotor yang selalu diturunkan dari generasi ke generasi.
Unduhan
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