Politics and Technology

How does the Internet Suport and Hinder Democracy?

Penulis

  • Ferdinandus Jehalut Alumnus STFK Ledalero ##default.groups.name.author##
  • Ernestus Holivil Universitas Nusa Cendana Kupang ##default.groups.name.author##

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30822/lumenveritatis.v15i2.3615
Crossmark

Kata Kunci:

digital democracy, internet, politics, technology

Abstrak

This study aims to explain the relationship between politics and technology by specifically discussing how the Internet supports and hinders democracy. This conceptual elaboration was prompted by recent controversies about the democratic power of the Internet. The controversy is framed in three perspectives, namely the perspective of utopia, dystopia, and syntopia. By using a qualitative approach and constructivist paradigm as well as literature studies, this paper argues that the three perspectives are reductionist and simplistic. Based on their technological determinism approach, they ignore subject agency and socio-cultural context in framing the relationship between the Internet and democracy. This paper offers holistic reading that the success and failure of technology adoption in democratic practice is a product of the organic interaction between technology and subject agency as well as social, political, and cultural contexts.

Referensi

Cain, Geoffrey. Kill One to Warm One Hundred: The Politics of Press Censorship in Vietnam. The International Journal of Press/Politics, Vol. 19, No. 1, 2014, 85-107. DOI: 10.1177/1940161213508814.

Chandler, D. Technological or Media Determinis. 2002. Available at: http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Documents/tecdet/tdetold.html, accessed on 08/12/2022.

Čavoški, Aleksandra. The European Green Deal and Technological Determinism. Envirometal Law Review, vol. 24, No. 3, 2022. 201-213. DOI: 10.1177/14614529221104558.

Burighel, Micol. “Polarization and the Role of Digital Media”. Prosiding Seminar. https://nome.unak.is/wordpress/volumen-14-no-2-2019/conference-proceedings-volume-14-no-2-2019/polarization-and-the-role-of-digital-media/, accessed on 01/10/2022.

Dahlberg, Lincoln. The Internet and Democratic Discourse: Exploring the Prospects of Online Deliberative Forums Extending the Public Sphere. Information, Communication, and Society, Vol. 4, No. 4, 2001, 615–633. London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2001.

-----------. Re-contructing Digital Democracy: An Outlilne of Four ‘Positions’. New Media & Society, Vol. 13, No. 6, 011, 855-872. DOI: 10.1177/1461444810389569.

Deseriis, Marco. Rethinking the Digital Democratic Affordance and Its Impact on Political Representation: Toward a New Framework. New Media & Society, Vol. 23, No. 8, 2021, 2452–2473. tps://doi.org/10.1177/1461444820929678.

Dong, Fan. Controlling the Internet it China: The Real Story. Convergence: THE International Journal of Research Into New Media Technolgies, Vol. 18, No. 4, 2012, 403-425. DOI: 10.1177/1354856512439500.

D’Anona, Matthew. Post-truh, The New War on Truth and How to Fight Back. Ebury Press, 2017.

Feenberg, Andrew. Transforming Tecnhology – A Critical Theory Revisited. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.

Fuchs, Christian. Social Media: A Critical Introduction. London, Los Angels, New Delhi, Singapore, and Wasington DC: Sage Publications Ltd., 2014.

------------. Digital Demagogue – Authoritarian Capitalism in the Age of Trump and Twitter. London: Pluto Press, 2018.

------------. Digital Fascism – Media, Communication, and Society. Vol. 4. London & New York: Routledge – Taylor & Francis Group, 2022.

Gunawan, Budi and Barito Mulyo Ratmono. Demokrasi di Era Post Truth. Jakarta: Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia (KPG), 2021.

Habermas, Jürgen. The Theory of Communicative Action. Vol. 2. Translated by Thomas McCarthy. Boston: Beacon Press, 1987.

-------------. The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere. Trans. Thomas Burger. Cet. ke-5. Cambridge: The MIT Press, 1993.

------------. “The Public Sphere”. In Robert E Goodin dan Philip Pettit (eds.). Contemporary Political Philosophy, An Antology. Australia: Blackwell Publishing, 1997.

Hill, K.A. and Hughes, J.E. Cyberpolitics: Citizen Activism in the Age of the Internet. Lanham: Rowman & Littleeld, 1998.

Kim, Harris Hyun-soo dan Chaeyoon Lim. From Virtual Space to Pubic Spce: The Role of Online Political Activism in Protest Participation Duringthe Arab Spring. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, Vol. 60, No. 6, 2019, 409-434. ps://doi.org/10.1177/0020715219894724.

Kolb, D. ‘Discourses across links’. In C. Ess (ed.), Philosophical Perspectives on Computer-Mediated Communication. Albany: State University of New York, 1996.

Laclau, Ernesto dan Chantal Mouffe. Hegemony and Socialist Strategy – Towards a Radical Democratic Politics. Edisi kedua. London: Verso, 2001.

Lim, Merlyna. “The Internet, Social Networks, and Reform in Indonesia”, in Nick Couldry dan James Curran (eds.), Contesting Media Power: Alternative Media in a Networked World. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2003.

-----------. Freedom to Hate: Social Media, Algorithmic Enclaves, and the Rise of Tribal Nationalism in Indonesia. Critical Asian Studies. June 2017. DOI: 10.1080/14672715.2017.1341188.

Loader, Brian D. & Dan Mercea. Networking Democracy?. Information, Communication, and Society. Vol. 14, No. 6. London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2011.

Mina, An Xiao. Batman, Pandaman, and the Blin Man: A Case Study in Social Change Memes and Internet Censorship in China. Journal of Visual Culture, Vol. 13, No. 13, 2014, 359-375. DOI 10.1177/1470412914546576

Mouffe, Chantal. The Return of The Political. London: Verso, 1993.

-----------. The Democratic Paradox. London: Verso, 2000.

-----------. On the Political – Thingking in Action. Abingdon: Routledge, 2005.

Paragas, Fernando de la Cruz dan Trisha TC Lin. Organizing and Reframing Technological Determinism. New Media & Society, Vol. 18, No. 8, 2016, 1528-1546. DOI: 10.1177/1461444814562156.

Schumpeter, Joseph A. Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy. Trans. Tegu Wahyu Utomo. Yogyakarta: Pustaka pelajar, 2013.

Simon, Julie, Theo Bass, & Victoria Boelman. Digital Democracy – The Tools Transforming Political Engagement. London: Nesta, 2017.

Sunstein, Cas. Republic.Com. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2001.

Topornin, Nikolai, Darya Pyatkina, dan Yuri Bokov. Government Regulaton of the Internet as Instrument of Digital Protection in Case of Developing Countries. Journal of Information Society, 2021, 1-14. DOI: 10.1177/01655515211014142.

Tsagarousianou, R., Tambini, D. and Bryan, C. (eds). Cyberdemocracy: Technology, Cities and Civic Networks. London: Routledge, 1998.

van Dijk, Jan A.G.M. Digital Democracy: Vision and Reality. To be Published in I Snellen & W. van de Donk. Public Administration in the Information Age: Revisited, IOS-Press, 2013. (This article previously published in the Journal of Innovation and the Public Sector, Vol. 19, No. 1, 2012.)

Wilhelm, A. G. Democracy in the Digital Age: Challenges to Political Life in Cyberspace. London: Routledge, 2000.

Wyatt, Sally. “Technological Determinism is dead; Long Live Technology Determinism”. Dalam Robert C. Scharf dan Dusek (eds,). Philosophy of Technology – The Technological Condition, An Antology. Second edition. EK: John Wiley & Sons. Inc., 2014.

Xu, Jian dan Haiqing Yu. Regulating and Governing China’s Internet and Digital Meda in the Xi Jinping Era. Media International Australia, Vol. 185, No. 1, 2022, 3-8. DOI: 10.1177/1329878X221116402.

Diterbitkan

2024-10-26

Cara Mengutip

“Politics and Technology: How Does the Internet Suport and Hinder Democracy?”. Lumen Veritatis: Jurnal Filsafat dan Teologi 15, no. 2 (Oktober 26, 2024): 147–166. Diakses Agustus 14, 2026. https://www.journal.unwira.ac.id/index.php/LUMENVERITATIS/article/view/3615.