Spatial attributes and perceived safety: The mediating Role of path choice in high-density Campus

Rui Niu; Syarmila Hany Haron; Na Xia; Yue Huang; DaHuai Zhao; JiaSheng Zhou

doi:10.30822/arteks.v11i3.5230

Penulis

Rui Niu Universiti Sains Malaysia
Syarmila Hany Haron Universiti Sains Malaysia
Na Xia Universiti Sains Malaysia
Yue Huang Universiti Sains Malaysia
DaHuai Zhao Universiti Sains Malaysia
JiaSheng Zhou Universiti Sains Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30822/arteks.v11i3.5230

Kata Kunci:

Circulation clarity, CPTED, Path choice, Perceived safety, Spatial visibility

Abstrak

In high-density campuses built in the mid-20th century, compact layouts and limited visibility persistently challenge users' sense of safety. Although Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) offers a foundational framework, its spatial effectiveness in such contexts remains inadequately understood. This study investigates how spatial visibility, circulation clarity, and territoriality influence perceived safety, with a specific focus on the mediating role of path selection behavior. Survey data from 407 students on a high-density campus in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Results reveal a clear structural hierarchy: spatial visibility and circulation clarity exert significant direct and indirect (via path choice) effects on perceived safety, whereas territoriality demonstrates only a weak indirect influence. These findings suggest that in compact campuses, safety perception is shaped primarily by movement-based spatial experience rather than static territorial cues alone. Accordingly, campus renewal should prioritize enhancing visual transparency and circulation legibility while treating territoriality as a supplementary design strategy.

Unduhan

Data unduhan tidak tersedia.

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